{"id":3587,"date":"2014-08-28T20:58:07","date_gmt":"2014-08-28T20:58:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lpfch.org\/obstetrics-raising-the-bar\/"},"modified":"2024-10-23T17:02:33","modified_gmt":"2024-10-23T17:02:33","slug":"obstetrics-raising-the-bar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lpfch.org\/ko\/impact-stories\/obstetrics-raising-the-bar\/","title":{"rendered":"\uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc: \uae30\uc900\uc744 \ub192\uc774\ub2e4"},"content":{"rendered":"

100\ub144 \uc804\ub9cc \ud574\ub3c4 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc740 \uacb0\ucf54 \uc77c\uc0c1\uc801\uc778 \uc77c\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud3c9\uade0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc784\uc2e0 \ud569\ubcd1\uc99d\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ucd9c\uc0b0 1,000\uac74\ub2f9 8\uba85\uc758 \uc5ec\uc131\uc774 \ubaa9\uc228\uc744 \uc783\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 10\ub9cc \uba85\uc758 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uc911 20\uba85 \ubbf8\ub9cc\uc758 \uc5ec\uc131\uc774 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uacf5\uc911 \ubcf4\uac74\uc758 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uac1c\uc120\uacfc \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \uc758\ud559\uc758 \ud68d\uae30\uc801\uc778 \ubc1c\uc804\uc5d0 \ud06c\uac8c \uae30\uc778\ud55c \uadf9\uc801\uc778 \ubc18\uc804\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc2a4\ud0e0\ud37c\ub4dc \uc758\ub300\ub294 1912\ub144 \ucd5c\ucd08\uc758 \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \uad50\uc218\ub97c \uc601\uc785\ud55c \uc774\ud6c4, \ud55c \uc138\uae30 \ub3d9\uc548 \uc784\uc0b0\ubd80\uc640 \uc2e0\uc0dd\uc544\uc758 \uc0b6\uc744 \uac1c\uc120\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc55e\uc7a5\uc11c \uc654\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1991\ub144 \ub8e8\uc2e4 \ud328\ucee4\ub4dc \uc5b4\ub9b0\uc774 \ubcd1\uc6d0\uc774 \uc124\ub9bd\ub418\uba74\uc11c \uc2a4\ud0e0\ud37c\ub4dc\ub294 \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \uc5f0\uad6c \ubc0f \uad50\uc721 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc804\uad6d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ubc1b\ub294 \uc120\ub3c4 \ub300\ud559\uc73c\ub85c \ube60\ub974\uac8c \uc790\ub9ac\ub9e4\uae40\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ubaa8\ub9ac\uc2a4 \ub4dc\ub8e8\uc9c4 \ubc15\uc0ac(Charles B. and Ann L. Johnson \uad50\uc218\uc774\uc790 \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \ubd80\uc758\uc7a5)\ub294 "\ud329\ucee4\ub4dc \uc5f0\uad6c\uc9c4\uc740 \ubd88\uacfc 20\ub144 \ub9cc\uc5d0 \uc774 \ub098\ub77c\uc758 \uc870\uc0b0\uc544 \uce58\ub8cc\uc5d0 \ubb38\uc790 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \uac00\uc838\uc654\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ub4dc\ub8e8\uc9c4\uc740 1991\ub144 7\uc6d4, \ud328\ucee4\ub4dc \uc5b4\ub9b0\uc774 \ubcd1\uc6d0\uc774 \uac1c\uc6d0\ud55c \uc9c1\ud6c4 \uad50\uc218\uc9c4\uc5d0 \ud569\ub958\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0c8 \ubcd1\uc6d0\uc758 \uc18c\uc218 \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \ub808\uc9c0\ub358\ud2b8 \uc911\uc5d0\ub294 \ud604\uc7ac \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \uad50\uc218\uc774\uc790 \uc0b0\ubaa8-\ud0dc\uc544 \uc758\ud559 \ubd80\uacfc\uc7a5\uc778 \uc57c\uc138\ub974 \uc5d8-\uc0ac\uc608\ub4dc \ubc15\uc0ac\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc5d8-\uc0ac\uc608\ub4dc\ub294 "\ud328\ucee4\ub4dc\uc758 \ud3ed\ub113\uc740 \uc804\ubb38 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc740 \uc804\uad6d\uc758 \uace0\uc704\ud5d8\uad70 \ud658\uc790\ub4e4\uc744 \uc720\uce58\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \ud68c\uc0c1\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. "\uc774\ub294 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uce58\ub8cc\ubc95\uacfc \uc2dc\uc220\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc784\uc0c1 \uc2dc\ud5d8\uc744 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \ub9cc\ud07c \ucda9\ubd84\ud55c \ud658\uc790 \uae30\ubc18\uc744 \ud655\ubcf4\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4."<\/p>\n

\uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \ud328\ucee4\ub4dc \uc5b4\ub9b0\uc774\ubcd1\uc6d0\uc758 \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \uc804\ubb38\uc758\ub4e4\uc740 \uc0dd\uc2dd \ubc0f \uc2e0\uc0dd\uc544 \ubb38\uc81c\uc758 \uc9c4\ub2e8, \uce58\ub8cc \ubc0f \uc608\ubc29\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud504\ub85c\ud1a0\ucf5c\uacfc \uc804\ub7b5\uc744 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ud559\uc81c\uac04 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0 \uae34\ubc00\ud788 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubcd1\uc6d0\uacfc \uc758\ub8cc \ucea0\ud37c\uc2a4\uc758 \uc804\ubb38\uac00\ub4e4\uc740 \uc870\uc0b0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc57d\ubb3c \ubc0f \uce58\ub8cc\ubc95\uc744 \uac1c\uc120\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc5d0 \uc9d1\uc911\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ud0dc\uc544 \ubc1c\ub2ec\uc5d0 \uc704\ud5d8\ud55c \uc9c8\ud658\uc774\ub098 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uc2dd\ubcc4\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc720\uc804\uccb4 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \uc9c4\ud589\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc5d8-\uc0ac\uc608\ub4dc\ub294 "\uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uc784\uc0c1 \uc5f0\uad6c \ubc0f \uc911\uac1c \uc758\ud559 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud0c1\uc6d4\ud55c \uc131\uacfc\ub97c \uac70\ub450\uc5b4 \uc654\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. "\uc5f0\uad6c\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \ud5cc\uc2e0\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ubd80\ubd84\uc774\uba70, \ud328\ucee4\ub4dc\uac00 \uc784\uc0c1 \uce58\ub8cc\uc640 \uc9c0\uc6d0 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ud655\ub300\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4."<\/p>\n

\ud601\uc2e0\uc801\uc778 \uc784\uc0c1 \uc5f0\uad6c<\/h2>\n

4\ub144 \uc804, \uc5d8-\uc0ac\uc608\ub4dc\uc640 \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \ubd80\uad50\uc218\uc778 \ub370\uc774\ub974\ub4dc\ub9ac \ub77c\uc774\uc5d8 \ubc15\uc0ac\ub294 \ub2c8\ud398\ub514\ud540\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc57d\ubb3c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc784\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud5d8\uc744 \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2c8\ud398\ub514\ud540\uc740 \uc870\uae30 \uc9c4\ud1b5\uc744 \uacaa\ub294 \uc784\uc0b0\ubd80\uc5d0\uac8c \uc790\uad81 \uc218\ucd95\uc744 \uc904\uc774\uace0 \uc870\uc0b0\uc744 \uc608\ubc29\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc77c\uc0c1\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud22c\uc5ec\ub418\ub294 \uadfc\uc721 \uc774\uc644\uc81c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2c8\ud398\ub514\ud540\uc740 \ub110\ub9ac \ucc98\ubc29\ub418\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc704\uc57d \ub300\uc870 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud55c \ubc88\ub3c4 \uc2dc\ud5d8\ub41c \uc801\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

2008\ub144, \ub77c\uc774\uc5d8\uacfc \ub3d9\ub8cc\ub4e4\uc740 \ud328\ucee4\ub4dc \uc5b4\ub9b0\uc774 \ubcd1\uc6d0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc870\uae30 \uc9c4\ud1b5\uc744 \uacaa\ub294 \uc5ec\uc131 70\uba85\uc744 \ubaa8\uc9d1\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc77c\ubd80\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \ubb34\uc791\uc704\ub85c \ub2c8\ud398\ub514\ud540\uc744, \ub2e4\ub978 \uc77c\ubd80\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \uc124\ud0d5 \uc54c\uc57d\uc744 \ud22c\uc5ec\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

"\ub2c8\ud398\ub514\ud540\uc740 \ubd84\ub9cc\uc744 \uc9c0\uc5f0\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \ub370 \uc704\uc57d\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubc1c\uacac\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \ubbf8\uad6d \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \ud559\ud68c\uac00 2008\ub144 \uc6b0\uc218 \uc5f0\uad6c \ub17c\ubb38 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub85c \uc120\uc815\ud55c \uc774 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc758 \uc8fc\uc800\uc790\uc778 \ub77c\uc774\uc5d8\uc740 \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc5d8-\uc0ac\uc608\ub4dc\ub294 "\uc784\uc0b0\ubd80\uac00 \ubd88\ud544\uc694\ud558\uac8c \ub9ce\uc740 \uc57d\ubb3c\uc5d0 \ub178\ucd9c\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc785\uc99d\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \ub367\ubd99\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. "\uc800\ud76c\uc758 \uc784\uc0c1 \uc2dc\ud5d8\uc774 \uc774 \ub098\ub77c\uc758 \ub2c8\ud398\ub514\ud540 \ud22c\uc5ec \ubc29\uc2dd\uc5d0 \ud070 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \uac00\uc838\uc654\ub2e4\uace0 \ud655\uc2e0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4."<\/p>\n

2010\ub144\uc5d0 \ub77c\uc774\uc5d8\uc740 \ud0dc\ubc18 \uc9c8\ud658\uc744 \uc5f0\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \ud0dc\ubc18\uc774 \ube44\uc815\uc0c1\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd80\ucc29\ub41c \uc784\uc0b0\ubd80\uc758 \uce58\ub8cc\ub97c \uac04\uc18c\ud654\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc124\ub9bd\ub41c \ud328\ucee4\ub4dc \uc5b4\ub9b0\uc774 \ubcd1\uc6d0\uc758 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc758 \ucc45\uc784\uc790\ub85c \uc784\uba85\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

"\ud0dc\ubc18\uc740 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd84\ub9cc \ud6c4 \uc790\uad81\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd84\ub9ac\ub418\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadf8\ub807\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc0b0\ubaa8\uc5d0\uac8c \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc704\ud5d8\uc774 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud788 \uc99d\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \ub77c\uc774\uc5d8 \ubc15\uc0ac\ub294 \uc124\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uc18c\uc218\uc758 \uc784\uc0b0\ubd80\ub294 \uc720\ucc29\ud0dc\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c4\ub2e8\ubc1b\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc720\ucc29\ud0dc\ubc18\uc740 \ud0dc\ubc18\uc774 \uc790\uad81\ubcbd\uc5d0 \ub108\ubb34 \uae4a\uc774 \uc790\ub77c\ub294 \uc9c8\ud658\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc720\ucc29\ud0dc\ubc18\uc740 \uc9c8 \ucd9c\ud608\uacfc \uc870\uc0b0\uc744 \uc720\ubc1c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ubd84\ub9cc \uc911 \uc5ec\uc131 \uc0ac\ub9dd\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc6d0\uc778\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uce58\ub8cc\ub294 \uc885\uc885 \uc0b0\ud6c4 \uc790\uad81 \uc81c\uac70\ub97c \ud544\uc694\ub85c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 \uc81c\uc655\uc808\uac1c\ub294 \uc720\ucc29 \ud0dc\ubc18 \ubc1c\uc0dd \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud788 \uc99d\uac00\uc2dc\ud0b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc720\ucc29 \ud0dc\ubc18\uacfc \uc81c\uc655\uc808\uac1c \uacbd\ud5d8\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc5ec\uc131\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c \uc784\uc2e0 \uc2dc \uc720\ucc29 \ud0dc\ubc18 \ubc1c\uc0dd \uc704\ud5d8\uc774 \ucd5c\ub300 25%\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc99d\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ub77c\uc774\uc5d8 \ubc15\uc0ac\ub294 "\uc804\uad6d\uc801\uc778 \uc81c\uc655\uc808\uac1c \uc99d\uac00\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc720\ucc29\ud0dc\ubc18 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ub960\uc774 \ub354 \ub192\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. "\uc800\ud76c\ub294 \uc81c\uc655\uc808\uac1c \uacbd\ud5d8\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc5ec\uc131\uc774 \ud0dc\ubc18 \uc9c8\ud658\uc5d0 \ub354 \ucde8\uc57d\ud55c \uc774\uc720\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \uc9c4\ud589\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ud5a5\ud6c4 \uc720\ucc29\ud0dc\ubc18 \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc744 \uc904\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc81c\uc655\uc808\uac1c \uc218\uc220 \uae30\ubc95\uc744 \ucc3e\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub178\ub825\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4." \ub77c\uc774\uc5d8 \ubc15\uc0ac\ub294 \ucd5c\uadfc \uc720\ucc29\ud0dc\ubc18 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \uacc4\uc18d\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uad8c\uc704 \uc788\ub294 \ud558\uba3c \uad50\uc218\uc0c1(Harman Faculty Scholar Award)\uc744 \uc218\uc0c1\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc784\uc2e0 \uc911 \uc6b0\uc6b8\uc99d\uc740 \ub77c\uc774\uc5d8 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc758 \ub610 \ub2e4\ub978 \ucd08\uc810\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub140\ub294 "\uc784\uc0b0\ubd80\ub97c \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \uc6b0\uc6b8\uc99d \uac80\uc9c4\uc744 \ubcf4\ud3b8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc2e4\uc2dc\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. "\ub9ce\uc740 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc6b0\uc6b8\uc99d\uc740 \uc758\ub8cc \uae30\ub85d\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uae30\ub85d\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4."<\/p>\n

\uc784\uc0b0\ubd80\ub294 \ud56d\uc6b0\uc6b8\uc81c \ubcf5\uc6a9\uc744 \uaebc\ub9ac\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uac00 \ub9ce\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \ub77c\uc774\uc5d8\uacfc \uadf8\ub140\uc758 \ub3d9\ub8cc\ub4e4\uc740 \ub300\uccb4 \uce58\ub8cc\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc784\uc0c1 \uc2dc\ud5d8\uc744 \uc9c4\ud589\ud574 \uc654\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

2010\ub144\uc5d0 \uadf8\ub140\uc640 \ub4dc\ub8e8\uc9c4\uc740 \uc815\uc2e0\uacfc \uad50\uc218\uc778 \ub808\uc774\uccbc \ub9e8\ubc84 \ubc15\uc0ac\uac00 \uc8fc\ub3c4\ud55c \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \uacf5\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc9d1\ud544\ud588\ub294\ub370, \uc774 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uce68\uc220\uc774 \uc6b0\uc6b8\uc99d\uc744 \uc553\ub294 \uc784\uc0b0\ubd80\uc5d0\uac8c \uc2e4\ud589 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ub300\uc548\uc774 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n\ud611\ub825\uc801 \uc720\uc804 \uc5f0\uad6c<\/p>\n

\uc2a4\ud0e0\ud3ec\ub4dc\uc758 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc9c4\uc740 \ub610\ud55c \uc758\ud559 \uc720\uc804\ud559\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ucd5c\ucca8\ub2e8 \uae30\uc220\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc784\uc2e0\uc758 \uc2ec\uac01\ud55c \ud569\ubcd1\uc99d\uc744 \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub178\ub825\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc18c\uc544\uacfc \uc870\uad50\uc218\uc778 \uc548\ub098 \ud39c(Anna Penn, MD, PhD)\uc740 \uacfc\ud559\uc790\uc640 \uc758\uc0ac\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub41c \ub2e4\ud559\uc81c \ud300\uc778 \uc2a4\ud0e0\ud37c\ub4dc \ud0dc\ubc18 \uc5f0\uad6c\ud300(Stanford Placental Working Group)\uc744 \uc774\ub04c\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ud300\uc740 \ud0dc\ubc18 \ubcd1\ub9ac\uac00 \uc870\uc0b0\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc911\uc810\uc744 \ub450\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ud328\ucee4\ub4dc(Packard)\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9e4\ub144 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \uc870\uc0b0\uc758 \uc57d \uc808\ubc18\uc740 \uc784\uc0b0\ubd80\uc5d0\uac8c \uace0\ud608\uc555\uc744 \uc720\ubc1c\ud558\ub294 \uc790\uac04\uc804\uc99d\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc911\uc99d \uc790\uac04\uc804\uc99d\uc740 \uc0b0\ubaa8\uc5d0\uac8c \ubc1c\uc791\uc744 \ube44\ub86f\ud55c \uc2ec\uac01\ud55c \uac74\uac15 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uc720\ubc1c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud0dc\ubc18 \uc5f0\uad6c\ud300\uc758 \ubaa9\ud45c \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub294 \ud328\ucee4\ub4dc \uc5b4\ub9b0\uc774\ubcd1\uc6d0\uc758 \uc815\uc0c1, \uc870\uc0b0, \uc790\uac04\uc804\uc99d \ud658\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uae30\uc99d\ud55c \uc218\ubc31 \uac1c\uc758 \ud0dc\ubc18 DNA \uc0d8\ud50c\uc744 \ube44\uad50\ud558\uc5ec \uc774 \uc9c8\ud658\uc758 \uc6d0\uc778\uc744 \ubc1d\ud788\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uae30\ubd80\uae08\uc740 \uc2a4\ud0e0\ud3ec\ub4dc\uc758 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud0dc\ubc18 \uc870\uc9c1 \uc740\ud589\uc758 \uae30\ubc18\uc744 \ud615\uc131\ud560 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ud55c\ud3b8, \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \uc870\uad50\uc218\uc778 \ub2c8\ud558\ub974 \ub098\uc57c\ud06c \ubc15\uc0ac(DVM)\ub294 \uc784\uc2e0 \uc911 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc9c8\ud658, \ud2b9\ud788 \uc790\uac04\uc804\uc99d\uc744 \uc720\ubc1c\ud558\ub294 \ube44\uc815\uc0c1\uc801\uc778 \ud0dc\ubc18 \ucc29\uc0c1\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uae30\ucd08 \ubc0f \uc911\uac1c \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \uc9c4\ud589\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub098\uc57c\ud06c\ub294 \uc815\uc0c1\uc801\uc778 \ud0dc\ubc18 \ubc1c\ub2ec\uc5d0 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ub2e8\uacc4\uc778 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud608\uad00 \uc0dd\uc131 \uacfc\uc815\uc778 \ud608\uad00\uc2e0\uc0dd\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc694\uc778\uc744 \uc5f0\uad6c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucd5c\uadfc \ub4dc\ub8e8\uc9c4, \uc5d8-\uc0ac\uc608\ub4dc, \ub098\uc57c\ud06c, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc758\uacfc\ub300\ud559 \ub3d9\ub8cc\ub4e4\uc740 \uc790\uac04\uc804\uc99d \uc120\ubcc4 \uac80\uc0ac\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uc7a0\uc7ac\uc801\uc778 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ubc14\uc774\uc624\ub9c8\ucee4\ub97c \ubc1c\uacac\ud55c \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \uacf5\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc218\ud589\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ub098\uc57c\ud06c\uc640 \uadf8\uc758 \uc5f0\uad6c\ud300\uc740 \ub610\ud55c \uc784\uc2e0 \uae30\uac04 \ub3d9\uc548 \ud0dc\ubc18 \uc720\uc804\uc790 \ubc1c\ud604\uc744 \ucd94\uc801\ud558\ub294 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud588\ub294\ub370, \uc774\ub294 \ud0dc\ubc18 \uc720\uc804\uc790 \uae30\ub2a5 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc9c4\uc804\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ub2e4\ub978 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5d8-\uc0ac\uc608\ub4dc, \ub77c\uc774\uc5d8, \ub4dc\ub8e8\uc9c4\uc740 \ucd5c\uadfc \ubc31\uc778 \ubd80\ubd80\uc640 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uacc4\/\ubc31\uc778 \ud63c\ud608 \ubd80\ubd80\uc758 \uc784\uc2e0 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \ube44\uad50\ud558\ub294 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \uacf5\ub3d9 \uc9d1\ud544\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 2000\ub144\ubd80\ud130 2006\ub144\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud328\ucee4\ub4dc \uc5b4\ub9b0\uc774 \ubcd1\uc6d0\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd9c\uc0b0\ud55c 9,000\uc30d \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \ubd80\ubd80 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \uc774 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub294 \ubd80\ubaa8 \uc911 \ud55c \uba85\uc774 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uacc4\uc774\uace0 \ub2e4\ub978 \ud55c \uba85\uc774 \ubc31\uc778\uc77c \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc784\uc0b0\ubd80\uc758 \uc784\uc2e0\uc131 \ub2f9\ub1e8\ubcd1 \ubc1c\ubcd1 \uc704\ud5d8\uc774 \ub354 \ub192\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubc1c\uacac\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub4dc\ub8e8\uc9c4\uc740 "\uc0cc\ud504\ub780\uc2dc\uc2a4\ucf54 \ubca0\uc774 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc758 \ud48d\ubd80\ud55c \ub2e4\uc591\uc131\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c, \uc774 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub294 \uc784\uc2e0 \uacb0\uacfc\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc778\uc885\uc758 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uae30\uc5ec\ub97c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ucea0\ud37c\uc2a4 \uac74\ub108\ud3b8\uc5d0\uc11c, \uc0dd\uba85\uacf5\ud559 \ubc0f \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559 \uad50\uc218\uc778 \uc2a4\ud2f0\ube10 \ud018\uc774\ud06c \ubc15\uc0ac\ub294 \ub2e4\uc6b4 \uc99d\ud6c4\uad70 \ubc0f \uae30\ud0c0 \uc720\uc804 \uc9c8\ud658\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ube44\uce68\uc2b5\uc801 \uc0b0\uc804 \uac80\uc0ac\ub97c \uac1c\ubc1c\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc591\uc218\ucc9c\uc790\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ud45c\uc900 \uac80\uc0ac \uc808\ucc28\ub294 \ud0dc\ubc18 DNA \uc0d8\ud50c\uc744 \ucc44\ucde8\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc790\uad81\uc5d0 \ubc14\ub298\uc744 \uc0bd\uc785\ud574\uc57c \ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc704\ud5d8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud018\uc774\ud06c\uc758 \uae30\uc220\uc740 \uc0b0\ubaa8\uc758 \ud608\uc561\uc5d0\uc11c \ud0dc\uc544 DNA\ub97c \ubd84\ub9ac\ud558\uc5ec \ud0dc\ubc18\uc744 \ucc9c\uc790\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uc5c6\uc560\uace0 \uc720\uc0b0 \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \ucd5c\uc18c\ud654\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

"\uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc740 \uc720\uc804\uc790 \uac80\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ub54c\ub54c\ub85c \ub450\ub824\uc6c0\uc744 \ub290\ub08d\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \ubc0f \uc18c\uc544\uacfc \uad50\uc218\uc778 \uba54\ub9ac \ub178\ud2bc \ubc15\uc0ac\ub294 \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubaa8\uccb4-\ud0dc\uc544 \uc720\uc804\ud559 \uc804\ubb38\uac00\uc778 \ub178\ud2bc \ubc15\uc0ac\ub294 2008\ub144 \ud328\ucee4\ub4dc \uc5b4\ub9b0\uc774 \ubcd1\uc6d0\uc758 \uc8fc\uc0b0\uae30 \uc5f0\uad6c \ucc45\uc784\uc790\ub85c \uc601\uc785\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ub178\ud2bc\uc740 "\uc800\ud76c \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 \uc591\uc218\ucc9c\uc790 \uac19\uc740 \uce68\uc2b5\uc801 \uc2dc\uc220\uc744 \ubc1b\ub294 \uc784\uc0b0\ubd80\ub4e4\uc740 \ub354 \uc120\ubcc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac80\uc0ac\ub97c \ubc1b\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0ac\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. "\uc2ec\uac01\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uce58\uba85\uc801\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc9c8\ubcd1\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac80\uc0ac\ub9cc \ubc1b\uae30\ub97c \uc6d0\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4."<\/p>\n

\uc804\uad6d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc758\ub8cc \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \ud5a5\uc0c1<\/h2>\n

\ub178\ud2bc\uacfc \uadf8\ub140\uc758 \ub3d9\ub8cc\ub4e4\uc740 \uc758\ub300 \ucea0\ud37c\uc2a4 \ub108\uba38\ub85c \uc601\ud5a5\ub825 \uc788\ub294 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc758 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \ud655\ub300\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc2a4\ud0e0\ud3ec\ub4dc\ub97c \ub300\uc2e0\ud558\uc5ec \ubbf8\uad6d \uc804\uc5ed\uc758 14\uac1c \ub300\ud559 \uae30\ubc18 \uc784\uc0c1 \uc13c\ud130\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub41c \ucee8\uc18c\uc2dc\uc5c4\uc778 \uc0b0\ubaa8-\ud0dc\uc544 \uc758\ud559\ubd80(MFMU) \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \ud68c\uc6d0 \uc790\uaca9\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc2e0\uccad\uc11c\ub97c \uc81c\ucd9c\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1986\ub144 \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \uc784\uc0c1 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc758 \uad6d\uac00\uc801 \ud5c8\ube0c\ub85c \uc124\ub9bd\ub41c \uc774 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\ub294 \uc804\uad6d\uc801\uc778 \uc2dc\ud5d8\uacfc \uc804\uad6d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc218\ucc9c \uba85\uc758 \uc784\uc0b0\ubd80\uc640 \uc2e0\uc0dd\uc544\ub97c \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ub294 \ub300\uaddc\ubaa8 \uc778\uad6c \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \uc870\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc62c\ud574 \ucd08 \ubbf8\uad6d \uad6d\ub9bd\ubcf4\uac74\uc6d0(NIH)\uc774 \uc774 \uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \uc2b9\uc778\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc2a4\ud0e0\ud3ec\ub4dc\ub294 \uce98\ub9ac\ud3ec\ub2c8\uc544\uc8fc \ucd5c\ucd08\uc774\uc790 \uc720\uc77c\ud55c MFMU \uc13c\ud130\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ud604\uc7ac \ub178\ud2bc\uacfc \uc5d8-\uc0ac\uc608\ub4dc\ub294 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 MFMU \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \uc9c4\ud589\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ub450 \uc5f0\uad6c \ubaa8\ub450 \ud604\uc7ac \ubbf8\uad6d \uc804\uc5ed\uc758 \uc784\uc0b0\ubd80\ub97c \ubaa8\uc9d1\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub294 \uc704\uc57d \ub300\uc870 \uc784\uc0c1 \uc2dc\ud5d8\uc73c\ub85c, \uc870\uc0b0\uc544\uc5d0\uac8c \uc2a4\ud14c\ub85c\uc774\ub4dc\ub97c \ud22c\uc5ec\ud558\uba74 \uc57d\uac04 \ubbf8\uc219\uc544\uc758 \ud638\ud761\uae30 \ud569\ubcd1\uc99d\uc774 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4dc\ub294\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ub610 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub294 ST \ubd84\uc808 \ubd84\uc11d(STAN)\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc9c4\ub2e8 \uc7a5\ube44\uc758 \ubb34\uc791\uc704 \ubc30\uc815 \uc2dc\ud5d8\uc73c\ub85c, \ud604\uc7ac \ud45c\uc900 \uae30\uc220\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354\uc6b1 \uc815\uad50\ud55c \uae30\uc220\ub85c \ud0dc\uc544 \uc2ec\ubc15\uc218\ub97c \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubaa8\ub2c8\ud130\ub9c1\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. STAN\uc740 \uc0b0\uc18c \ubd80\uc871\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \ud0dc\uc544 \ub1cc \uc190\uc0c1 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \uc904\uc774\uace0 \ud0dc\uc544 \uc2ec\ubc15\uc218\ub97c \ub354\uc6b1 \uc815\ud655\ud558\uac8c \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\uc5ec \ubd88\ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc81c\uc655\uc808\uac1c \uc218\uc220\uc744 \uc904\uc774\ub3c4\ub85d \uc124\uacc4\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

"MFMU \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\uc5d0 \uac00\uc785\ud558\ub824\uba74 \uc785\uc99d\ub41c \uc784\uc0c1 \uc2dc\ud5d8 \uc2e4\uc801\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \ub4dc\ub8e8\uc9c4\uc740 \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. "\uc774\ub294 \uba85\ub9dd \uc788\ub294 \uc790\ub9ac\uc774\uba70, \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \ubd84\uc57c \ubc1c\uc804\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \ud5cc\uc2e0\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4."<\/p>\n

\uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158 \uae30\ubc18 \ud6c8\ub828<\/h2>\n

\uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \uc784\uc0c1\uad50\uc218\uc778 \ucf00\uc774 \ub300\ub2c8\uc5bc\uc2a4 \ubc15\uc0ac\ub294 "\uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc\ub294 \ud300 \uc2a4\ud3ec\uce20\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ud328\ucee4\ub4dc \uc5b4\ub9b0\uc774 \ubcd1\uc6d0\uc758 \ud300\uc5d0\ub294 \ubd84\ub9cc \uac04\ud638\uc0ac, \uc2e0\uc0dd\uc544 \uc18c\uc544\uacfc \uc758\uc0ac, \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \uc758\uc0ac, \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \ub9c8\ucde8\uacfc \uc758\uc0ac \ubc0f \uae30\ud0c0 \uc804\ubb38\uac00, \uac04\ud638\uc0ac, \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc774 \ud3ec\ud568\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \uc758\ud559\uc758 \uace0\uc704\ud5d8\uc131\uc744 \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub300\ub2c8\uc5bc\uc2a4\uc640 \ub3d9\ub8cc\ub4e4\uc740 OBSim\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158 \uae30\ubc18 \uad50\uc721 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc744 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc120\uad6c\uc801\uc778 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc740 \uc758\uc0ac, \uac04\ud638\uc0ac, \ub808\uc9c0\ub358\ud2b8, \uc778\ud134\ub4e4\uc774 \ubcd1\uc6d0\uacfc \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4 \ubd84\ub9cc\uc744 \uacbd\ud5d8\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ud574\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

OBSim \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc740 \uc2e4\uc81c \ubc30\uc6b0\uc640 \ub9c8\ub124\ud0b9\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \uc758\ub8cc\uc9c4\uc5d0\uac8c \ubd84\ub9cc\uc2e4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0b0\ubaa8\uc640 \uc544\uae30\uc758 \uac74\uac15\uc744 \uc704\ud611\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc608\uc0c1\uce58 \ubabb\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uac00\ub974\uce58\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uace0\uc548\ub41c \ud604\uc2e4\uc801\uc778 \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4ed\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

OBSim \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc758 \uacf5\ub3d9 \ucc45\uc784\uc790\uc778 \ub2e4\ub2c8\uc5d8\uc2a4\ub294 "\uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \uc9c4\ub8cc\uc5d0\ub294 \ud2b9\uc720\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04\uc801 \uc555\ubc15\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. "\ub9cc\uc57d \uc2ec\uac01\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uba74 5\ubd84\uc5d0\uc11c 10\ubd84 \uc815\ub3c4\ubc16\uc5d0 \ub300\ucc98\ud560 \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubc14\ub85c \uc774 \ubd80\ubd84\uc5d0\uc11c OBSim\uc774 \uc758\uc0ac\uc18c\ud1b5\uc744 \uac1c\uc120\ud558\uc5ec \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc744 \uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4."<\/p>\n

\uc774 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc740 2004\ub144 \ud328\ucee4\ub4dc \uc18c\uc544 \ubc0f \uc8fc\uc0b0\uae30 \uad50\uc721 \uc13c\ud130(CAPE)\uc758 \uc77c\ud658\uc73c\ub85c \uc2dc\uc791\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. CAPE\ub294 \ud0dc\uc544, \uc2e0\uc0dd\uc544, \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \ud658\uc790\ub97c \ub3cc\ubcf4\ub294 \uc758\ub8cc \uc804\ubb38\uac00\ub97c \uc591\uc131\ud558\ub294 \uc138\uacc4 \ucd5c\ucd08\uc758 \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158 \uae30\ubc18 \uad50\uc721 \uc13c\ud130\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. CAPE \uc18c\uc7a5\uc774\uc790 \uc18c\uc544\uacfc \ubd80\uad50\uc218\uc774\uc790 \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \ubd80\uad50\uc218\uc778 \ub8e8 \ud57c\ub7ec\uba55 \ubc15\uc0ac\ub294 "\uc775\uba85\uc758 \uae30\ubd80\uc790\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubc1b\uc740 \uae30\ubd80\uae08 \ub355\ubd84\uc5d0 \ud328\ucee4\ub4dc \uc5b4\ub9b0\uc774\ubcd1\uc6d0 \ub9de\uc740\ud3b8\uc5d0 \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158 \uad50\uc721 \uc13c\ud130\ub97c \uac74\ub9bd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

400\uc81c\uacf1\ud53c\ud2b8(\uc57d 39m\u00b2) \uaddc\ubaa8\uc758 \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158\uc2e4\uc740 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubcd1\uc6d0 \ud658\uacbd\uc744 \uc7ac\ud604\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uc124\uacc4\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. OBSim\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, \ubd84\ub9cc\uc2e4\uc744 \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uce68\ub300, \ubaa8\ub2c8\ud130, \uae30\ud0c0 \uc758\ub8cc \uc7a5\ube44\uac00 \ubc30\uce58\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac01 \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624\ub294 \uc77c\ubc29\ud1b5\ud589 \uac70\uc6b8\ub85c \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158\uc2e4\uacfc \ubd84\ub9ac\ub41c \uc81c\uc5b4\uc2e4\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2f4\ub2f9 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc774 \uc9c1\uc811 \uc9c4\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc81c\uc5b4\uc2e4\uc758 TV \ubaa8\ub2c8\ud130\ub294 \ubaa8\uc758 \ubd84\ub9cc\uc2e4 \uacf3\uacf3\uc5d0 \uc124\uce58\ub41c \uce74\uba54\ub77c\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd2c\uc601\ub41c \uc2e4\uc2dc\uac04 \uc601\uc0c1\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac01 \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624\ub294 \ub179\ud654\ub418\uc5b4 \ucc38\uac00\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \uc218\ud589\uc744 \uac80\ud1a0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc784\uc0b0\ubd80 \ub9c8\ub124\ud0b9\uc744 \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158\uc2e4 \uc2a4\ud53c\ucee4\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc784\uc0b0\ubd80\uc758 \ubaa8\uc758 \uc74c\uc131\uc774 \uc7ac\uc0dd\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub978 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc774 \uc0b0\ubaa8 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud55c \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc774 \ud0dc\uc544 \ub9c8\ub124\ud0b9\uc744 \uc7a1\uace0 \uc788\ub294\ub370, \ubd84\ub9cc \uc2dc \ud0dc\uc544\uc758 \uc5b4\uae68\uac00 \uc790\uad81\uc5d0 \ub07c\uc5b4 \uc788\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc, \uc989 \uacac\uac11 \ub09c\uc0b0(shoulder dystocia)\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

CAPE\uc758 \uad50\uc721 \ubc0f \uc5f0\uad6c \ucc45\uc784\uc790\uc778 \uc904\ub9ac \uc544\ub77c\ud398(Julie Arafeh, RN, MSN)\ub294 "OBSim\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ud658\uc790 \uce58\ub8cc\uc5d0\uc11c \uac01\uc790\uc758 \uc5ed\ud560\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ub354 \uc790\uc138\ud788 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. "\uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ud0dc\uc544 \uc2ec\ubc15\uc218\uac00 \uac11\uc790\uae30 \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9c8\ucde8\uacfc \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \uc0b0\ubaa8\uac00 \uacbd\ub9c9\uc678 \ub9c8\ucde8\uc5d0 \ubd80\uc815\uc801\uc778 \ubc18\uc751\uc744 \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \ub9c8\ucde8\uc81c \ud22c\uc5ec\ub7c9\uc744 \ubcc0\uacbd\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \uc758\uc0ac\ub294 \ud0dc\ubc18\uc5d0 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc5ec \uc0b0\ubaa8\ub97c \uc218\uc220\uc2e4\ub85c \uc62e\uaca8 \ubd84\ub9cc\uc744 \uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac04\ud638\uc0ac\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \ubb34\uc2a8 \uc77c\uc774 \uc788\uc5b4\ub3c4 \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uc900\ube44\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4."<\/p>\n

OBSim\uc740 \uc2e4\uc81c \ubcd1\uc6d0 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \uac15\uc810\uacfc \uc57d\uc810\uc744 \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\ub294 \ub370\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. 2008\ub144, \ud328\ucee4\ub4dc \uac04\ud638\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc740 \uc0b0\ud6c4 \ucd9c\ud608\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc5ec\uc131\uc744 \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158\ud558\ub294 \ud6c8\ub828\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5ec\uc131\uc740 \uacfc\ub2e4 \ucd9c\ud608\uc744 \ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\uace0, \uac04\ud638\uc0ac\ub294 \ud328\ucee4\ub4dc\ub97c \ube44\ub86f\ud55c \uc5ec\ub7ec \ubcd1\uc6d0\uc5d0\uc11c \ud45c\uc900 \uc7a5\ube44\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 Pyxis\ub77c\ub294 \ucef4\ud4e8\ud130 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2e0\uc18d\ud558\uac8c \uc57d\ubb3c\uc744 \uacf5\uae09\ubc1b\uc73c\ub77c\ub294 \uc9c0\uc2dc\ub97c \ubc1b\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

"\ud53d\uc2dc\uc2a4\ub294 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc815\ub3c4 \uc548\uc804\uc131\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \ub2e4\ub2c8\uc5d8\uc2a4\ub294 \uc124\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. "\uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ud658\uc790\uac00 \uc54c\ub808\ub974\uae30\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uc57d\uc744 \uc694\uccad\ud558\uba74, \ud53d\uc2dc\uc2a4\ub294 \ud658\uc790 \uc774\ub984\uc744 \uc785\ub825\ud558\uace0 \ud654\uba74\uc5d0 \uc190\uac00\ub77d\uc744 \ub300\uc5b4 \uc0dd\uccb4 \uc778\uc2dd \uc778\uc99d\uc744 \ubc1b\uc744 \ub54c\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc57d\uc744 \uc81c\uac70\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc0b0\ubaa8\uac00 \ubd84\ub2f9 700cc\uc758 \ucd9c\ud608\uc744 \ud55c\ub2e4\uba74 \uc2e0\uc18d\ud558\uac8c \uc870\uce58\ub97c \ucde8\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4."<\/p>\n

\ub300\ub2c8\uc5bc\uc2a4\uc640 \ub3d9\ub8cc\ub4e4\uc774 Pyxis \ud6c8\ub828 \uc601\uc0c1\uc744 \uac80\ud1a0\ud588\uc744 \ub54c, \uac04\ud638\uc0ac\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc57d\uc744 \uaebc\ub0b4\ub294 \ub370 2\ubd84 \uc774\uc0c1 \uac78\ub838\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubc1c\uacac\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac01 \uc57d\uc744 \uac1c\ubcc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc785\ub825\ud574\uc57c \ud588\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub300\ub2c8\uc5bc\uc2a4\ub294 "Pyxis \uc81c\uc870\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uc5f0\ub77d\ud588\uace0, \uc0dd\uccb4 \uc778\uc2dd \uac1c\uc120\uc5d0 \ub3d9\uc758\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. "\uadf8\ub7f0 \ub2e4\uc74c \uc57d\uad6d\uacfc \ud611\ub825\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc57d\uc744 \ud55c \ubc88\uc5d0 \uaebc\ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud0a4\ud2b8\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c \ud6c8\ub828\uc744 \uc2e4\uc2dc\ud588\uc744 \ub54c \uac04\ud638\uc0ac\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc57d\uc744 \uaebc\ub0b4\ub294 \ub370 \ub2e8 29\ucd08\ubc16\uc5d0 \uac78\ub9ac\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4."<\/p>\n

\uc0b0\ud6c4 \ucd9c\ud608\uc740 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc758 \uc57d 4%\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc0c8\ub86d\uac8c \uac1c\uc120\ub41c \uc774 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc740 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc5ec\uc131\uc758 \uc0dd\uba85\uc744 \uad6c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. OBSim \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8 \uacf5\ub3d9 \ucc45\uc784\uc790\uc774\uc790 \ub9c8\ucde8\uacfc \uc784\uc0c1 \ubd80\uad50\uc218\uc778 \uc2a4\ud2f0\ube10 \ub9bd\uba3c \ubc15\uc0ac\ub294 "\ubbf8\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd9c\ud608 \ubc0f \uae30\ud0c0 \uc6d0\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc0b0\ubaa8 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc774 \uc99d\uac00\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \uc6a9\ub0a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc0c1\ud669\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

"OBSim\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ud765\ubbf8\uc9c4\uc9c4\ud558\uace0, \uc9c0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc790\uadf9\uc801\uc774\uba70, \ubcf4\ub78c \uc788\ub294 \uc77c\uc774\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \uadf8\ub294 \ub367\ubd99\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. "\ud568\uaed8 \uc77c\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc7a5\ubcbd\uc744 \ud5c8\ubb3c\uace0, Packard\uc758 \ubb38\ud654\ub97c \ubcc0\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a8 \ub2e8\uacb0\uc2ec\uc744 \ud615\uc131\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uc81c \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \ub9e4\uc77c \uac01 \ud658\uc790\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc804\ubb38 \ubd84\uc57c\uc758 \uadf8\ub8f9 \ud68c\uc9c4\uc744 \uc9c4\ud589\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774 \uce58\ub8cc \uacc4\ud68d \uc218\ub9bd\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud560 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \uac16\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 OBSim\uc758 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uacb0\uacfc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4."<\/p>\n

\ucc28\uc138\ub300 \uad50\uc721<\/h2>\n

\uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \uc5f0\uad6c \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud0c1\uc6d4\ud55c \uc131\uacfc\ub97c \uac70\ub450\ub294 \uac83 \uc678\uc5d0\ub3c4, \ud328\ucee4\ub4dc\uc640 \uc2a4\ud0e0\ud3ec\ub4dc\ub294 \ubbf8\ub798 \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \ud601\uc2e0\uc801\uc778 \uad50\uc721 \ubc0f \ud6c8\ub828 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc744 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ud328\ucee4\ub4dc \uc5b4\ub9b0\uc774\ubcd1\uc6d0\uc740 \uce98\ub9ac\ud3ec\ub2c8\uc544\uc5d0\uc11c \uac1c\uc778 \uc758\uc0ac\uc640 \uc758\ub300 \uad50\uc218\uc9c4\uc774 \ud568\uaed8 \uc9c4\ub8cc\ud558\ub294 "\uac1c\ubc29\ud615 \ubaa8\ub378"\uc744 \ucc44\ud0dd\ud55c \uba87 \uc548 \ub418\ub294 \ubcd1\uc6d0 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud328\ucee4\ub4dc \uc5b4\ub9b0\uc774\ubcd1\uc6d0\uc5d0 \uc785\uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \uc784\uc0b0\ubd80\uc758 \uc57d \uc808\ubc18\uc740 \uac1c\uc778 \uc758\uc0ac\uc758 \uc9c4\ub8cc\ub97c \ubc1b\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

"\uc815\ub9d0 \ud6cc\ub96d\ud55c \uc870\ud569\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \ub4dc\ub8e8\uc9c4\uc740 \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. "\ub808\uc9c0\ub358\ud2b8\uc640 \uc778\ud134\ub4e4\uc740 \uc758\ub300\uc758 \uc800\uba85\ud55c \uad50\uc218\uc9c4\uacfc \uac1c\uc778 \ubcd1\uc6d0\uc758 \uc219\ub828\ub41c \uc758\uc0ac\ub4e4\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubc30\uc6c1\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucd5c\uace0\uc758 \uad50\uc721\uc774\uba70, \ubbf8\uad6d \ucd5c\uace0\uc758 \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \uc804\ubb38\uc758 \uc218\ub828 \ubc0f \ub808\uc9c0\ub358\ud2b8 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub85c \uc790\ub9ac\ub9e4\uae40\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4."<\/p>\n

\ud604\uc7ac \uc2a4\ud0e0\ud37c\ub4dc \uc758\ub300\ub294 \ub9e4\ub144 5\uba85\uc758 \ub808\uc9c0\ub358\ud2b8\ub97c \uc77c\ubc18 \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc 4\ub144 \uc218\ub828 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc5d0 \ubaa8\uc9d1\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9e4\ub144 1\uba85\ub9cc \uc120\ubc1c\ud558\ub294 3\ub144 \ubaa8\ud0dc\uc758\ud559 \ud3a0\ub85c\uc6b0\uc2ed \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc740 \uace0\uc704\ud5d8 \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \uc218\ub828\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc740 \uc138\ubd80 \uc804\ubb38\uc758 \uc790\uaca9\uc99d \ucde8\ub4dd\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c0\uba70, \uc878\uc5c5\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc740 \ud559\uc220 \uc758\ud559 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uacbd\ub825\uc744 \uc313\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc5d8-\uc0ac\uc608\ub4dc\ub294 \uc804\ubb38 \uad50\uc721\uacfc \uace0\ud488\uc9c8 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub294 \uc11c\ub85c \ubc00\uc811\ud558\uac8c \uc5f0\uad00\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \uac15\uc870\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. "\ud328\ucee4\ub4dc\uc758 \ube44\uc804\uc740 \uc804 \uc138\uacc4 \uc784\uc0b0\ubd80 \uce58\ub8cc\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc784\uc0c1 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \uc218\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4."\ub77c\uace0 \uadf8\ub294 \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. "\uc774\ub97c \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc81c\ud55c \uc5c6\ub294 \uc5f0\uad6c\ube44\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ud3a0\ub85c\uc6b0\uc640 \uad50\uc218\uc9c4\uc744 \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc \uc5f0\uad6c\ub294 \ud56d\uc0c1 \uc790\uae08 \ubd80\uc871\uc5d0 \uc2dc\ub2ec\ub824 \uc654\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\ubd80\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc544\uc774\ub4e4\uc744 \ub3d5\uace0\uc790 \ud55c\ub2e4\uba74, \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac83\uc740 \uc784\uc2e0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uc791\ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uae30\uc5b5\ud558\uc138\uc694."<\/p>\n

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100\ub144 \uc804\ub9cc \ud574\ub3c4 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc740 \uacb0\ucf54 \uc77c\uc0c1\uc801\uc778 \uc77c\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud3c9\uade0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc784\uc2e0 \ud569\ubcd1\uc99d\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc5ec\uc131 8\uba85\uc774 \ubaa9\uc228\uc744 \uc783\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":3588,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[148,22],"class_list":["post-3587","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-in-the-news","category-patient-stories"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nObstetrics: Raising the Bar - Lucile Packard Foundation for Children's Health<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/lpfch.org\/ko\/impact-stories\/obstetrics-raising-the-bar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ko_KR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Obstetrics: Raising the Bar\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A century ago, childbirth in the United States was anything but routine. 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